【非特許文献】
【0005】
【非特許文献1】Nowell, P.C. (1976). The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations. Science 194, 23-28.
【非特許文献2】Clarke, M.F., Dick, J.E., Dirks, P.B., Eaves, C.J., Jamieson, C.H., Jones, D.L., Visvader, J., Weissman, I.L., and Wahl, G.M. (2006). Cancerstem cells--perspectives on current status and future directions: AACR Workshopon cancer stem cells. Cancer Res 66, 9339-9344.
【非特許文献3】Shackleton, M., Quintana, E., Fearon, E.R., and Morrison, S.J. (2009). Heterogeneity in cancer: cancer stem cells versus clonal evolution. Cell 138, 822-829.
【非特許文献4】Visvader, J.E., and Lindeman, G.J. (2008). Cancer stem cellsin solid tumours: accumulating evidence and unresolved questions. Nat Rev Cancer 8, 755-768.
【非特許文献5】Gupta, P.B., Chaffer, C.L., and Weinberg, R.A. (2009). Cancer stem cells: mirage or reality? Nat Med 15, 1010-1012.
【非特許文献6】Shipitsin, M., and Polyak, K. (2008). The cancer stem cell hypothesis: in search of definitions, markers, and relevance. Lab Invest 88, 459-463.
【非特許文献7】Mani, S.A., Guo, W., Liao, M.J., Eaton, E.N., Ayyanan, A., Zhou, A.Y., Brooks, M., Reinhard, F., Zhang, C.C., Shipitsin, M., et al. (2008). The epithelial-mesenchymal transition generates cells with properties of stem cells. Cell 133, 704-715.
【非特許文献8】Clevers, H. (2011). The cancer stem cell: premises, promises and challenges. Nat Med 17, 313-319.
【非特許文献9】Quintana, E., Shackleton, M., Foster, H.R., Fullen, D.R., Sabel, M.S., Johnson, T.M., and Morrison, S.J. (2010). Phenotypic heterogeneity among tumorigenic melanoma cells from patients that is reversible and not hierarchically organized. Cancer Cell 18, 510-523.
【非特許文献10】Bergers, G., and Hanahan, D. (2008). Modes of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 8, 592-603.
【非特許文献11】Ebos, J.M., and Kerbel, R.S. (2011). Antiangiogenic therapy: impact on invasion, disease progression, and metastasis. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 8, 210-221.
【非特許文献12】Paez-Ribes, M., Allen, E., Hudock, J., Takeda, T., Okuyama, H., Vinals, F., Inoue, M., Bergers, G., Hanahan, D., and Casanovas, O. (2009).Antiangiogenic therapy elicits malignant progression of tumors to increased local invasion and distant metastasis. Cancer Cell 15, 220-231.
【非特許文献13】Loges, S., Mazzone, M., Hohensinner, P., and Carmeliet, P. (2009). Silencing or fueling metastasis with VEGF inhibitors: antiangiogenesis revisited. Cancer Cell 15, 167-170.
【非特許文献14】Gordan, J.D., and Simon, M.C. (2007). Hypoxia-inducible factors: central regulators of the tumor phenotype. Curr Opin Genet Dev 17, 71-77.
【非特許文献15】Keith, B., and Simon, M.C. (2007). Hypoxia-inducible factors, stem cells, and cancer. Cell 129, 465-472.
【非特許文献16】Semenza, G.L. (2003). Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 3, 721-732.
【非特許文献17】Franovic, A., Holterman, C.E., Payette, J., and Lee, S. (2009). Human cancers converge at the HIF-2alpha oncogenic axis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106, 21306-21311.
【非特許文献18】Li, Z., Bao, S., Wu, Q., Wang, H., Eyler, C., Sathornsumetee, S., Shi, Q., Cao, Y., Lathia, J., McLendon, R.E., et al. (2009). Hypoxia-inducible factors regulate tumorigenic capacity of glioma stem cells. Cancer Cell 15, 501-513.
【非特許文献19】Takahashi, K., and Yamanaka, S. (2006). Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 126, 663-676.
【非特許文献20】Ben-Porath, I., Thomson, M.W., Carey, V.J., Ge, R., Bell, G.W., Regev, A., and Weinberg, R.A. (2008). An embryonic stem cell-like gene expression signature in poorly differentiated aggressive human tumors. Nat Genet 40, 499-507.
【非特許文献21】Reynolds, T.Y., Rockwell, S., and Glazer, P.M. (1996). Genetic instability induced by the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res 56, 5754-5757.
【非特許文献22】Covello, K.L., Kehler, J., Yu, H., Gordan, J.D., Arsham, A.M., Hu, C.J., Labosky, P.A., Simon, M.C., and Keith, B. (2006). HIF-2alpha regulates Oct-4: effects of hypoxia on stem cell function, embryonic development, and tumor growth. Genes Dev 20, 557-570.
【非特許文献23】Mohyeldin, A., Garzon-Muvdi, T., and Quinones-Hinojosa, A. (2010). Oxygen in stem cell biology: a critical component of the stem cell niche. Cell Stem Cell 7, 150-161.
【非特許文献24】Yoshida, Y., Takahashi, K., Okita, K., Ichisaka, T., and Yamanaka, S. (2009). Hypoxia enhances the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 5, 237-241.